Darwin sought to not only produce a new scientific truth, but also to put an end to polygenism, the current scientific discourse on human origins that gave tacit and at times explicit support for slavery: ‘... when the principle of evolution is generally accepted, as it surely will be before long, the dispute between the monogenists and polygenists will die a silent and unobserved death.’ (Charles Darwin, Descent of Man, p. 235)
Showing posts with label Ecology. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Ecology. Show all posts

Wednesday, July 4, 2012

Review of America’s Other Audubon (Brain Pickings Blog)

The Brain Pickings review of America’s Other Audubon by Joy M. Kiser (Princeton Architectural Press,  2012)  includes some nice illustrations from the book.  The works are by a family of illustrators and lithographer, all amateurs by today's standards, Gennie, Virginia, and Eliza Jones.


 From the preface by Smithsonian Curator of Natural-History Rare Books Leslie K. Overstreet:
The creation of a talented young woman and her dedicated family in a small Ohio town far from the intellectual and artistic centers of mid-nineteenth century, Illustrations of the Nests and Eggs of Birds of Ohio was a singular and remarkable achievement. It is almost impossible for us today to imagine how ambitious the project was in its own time or how daunting the physical and technological obstacles that had to be dealt with and overcome. Even more, in our modern world of the professionalization of science, it may seem astonishing that amateurs like the Joneses could produce something scientifically important and lasting.

See also:



Saturday, March 10, 2012

Climate and Migration in Africa, c.1000 BCE

An interesting article in Science on migrations in Africa coinciding with the savannas replacing rainforest in central Africa, c.1000 BCE.

Germain Bayon*, Bernard Dennielou, Joël Etoubleau, Emmanuel Ponzevera, Samuel Toucanne, Sylvain Bermell.  Institut Français de Recherche pour l’Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER), Unité de Recherche Géosciences Marines, F-29280 Plouzané, France.

Abstract

About 3000 years ago, a major vegetation change occurred in Central Africa, when rainforest trees were abruptly replaced by savannas. Up to this point, the consensus of the scientific community has been that the forest disturbance was caused by climate change. We show here that chemical weathering in Central Africa, reconstructed from geochemical analyses of a marine sediment core, intensified abruptly at the same period, departing substantially from the long-term weathering fluctuations related to the Late Quaternary climate. Evidence that this weathering event was also contemporaneous with the migration of Bantu-speaking farmers across Central Africa suggests that human land-use intensification at that time had already made a major impact on the rainforest.

Published Online February 9 2012
Science 9 March 2012:
Vol. 335 no. 6073 pp. 1219-1222
DOI: 10.1126/science.1215400